This timeline provides a structured overview of the first 100 days of Donald Trump's second term, detailing the key policies, executive actions, and institutional changes that have shaped the current political landscape. By breaking down each decision and its immediate impact, this piece aims to present a clear and comprehensive record of the administration's early actions, setting the stage for a deeper analysis of their long-term effects.
🧱 SECTION 1: BORDER AND IMMIGRATION POLICY
January 20 – Inauguration Day
Executive Order 14159: “Protecting the American People Against Invasion” signed. Expanded use of expedited removal (no court hearing required). Denied federal funding to sanctuary jurisdictions. Introduced new penalties for undocumented immigrants who fail to self-report.
January 25 2025
The Department of Homeland Security announced the reactivation of 287(g) agreements with over 370 local law enforcement agencies. Enabled local police to enforce federal immigration laws. ICE and CBP began large-scale coordination with sheriff departments in Arizona, Texas, and Florida.
February 3 2025
The “CBP Home” app launched to facilitate self-deportation. Offered $1,000 and flight vouchers for undocumented immigrants willing to leave voluntarily. DHS stated over 12,000 applications were submitted within 30 days.
February 20 2025
First documented deportations of legal U.S. residents to El Salvador under the revived Alien Enemies Act. DHS declined to disclose case details. ACLU filed a federal lawsuit in response.
March 1 2025
ICE reported 65,700 deportations since January. The daily deportation average doubled from January 2024 levels. Internal documents confirmed accelerated processing of non-criminal cases.
March 28 2025
A leaked memo revealed DHS discussions about reopening decommissioned facilities for temporary detention use, including a proposal to repurpose Alcatraz Island. Institutional Shifts: DHS: Reorganised to streamline enforcement, reduced internal oversight. DOJ Office of Immigration Litigation: Backlog increased due to mass filings and legal challenges. Federal Courts: 17 separate cases challenging the legality of expedited removals, the self-deportation program, and the Alien Enemies Act application.
🧱 SECTION 2: ECONOMIC POLICY AND TRADE
January 20 2025
Executive Order 14147: Initiated the "America First Trade Policy," aiming to restructure global trade relationships and promote domestic manufacturing.
January 31, 2025
Executive Order: Unleashing Prosperity Through Deregulation: Directed federal agencies to review and eliminate regulations deemed as barriers to economic growth, particularly those affecting small businesses and domestic industries.
April 2, 2025 – "Liberation Day"
Executive Order 14257: Imposed a universal 10% tariff on all imports, with higher rates on specific countries, including a 145% tariff on Chinese goods. This move was framed as a declaration of economic independence.
April 9, 2025
Fact Sheet: Tackling Regulations That Stifle Competition: Announced further efforts to reduce regulatory burdens, aiming to lower prices and increase options for consumers.
April 15, 2025
Executive Order: Encouraging Domestic Drug Manufacturing: Aimed at reducing dependence on foreign pharmaceuticals by streamlining FDA approval processes and enhancing oversight of foreign active-ingredient producers.
April 30, 2025
Proposal for 100% Tariff on Foreign-Made Films: Announced plans to impose a 100% tariff on all foreign-made films, citing national security concerns and the need to protect domestic film industry jobs. Institutional Impact: Department of Commerce: Tasked with implementing and monitoring the new tariff structures and trade policies. Federal Trade Commission (FTC): Instructed to identify and eliminate anti-competitive regulations that hinder domestic economic growth. Food and Drug Administration (FDA): Directed to expedite approval processes for domestic pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Ordered to streamline environmental reviews to facilitate faster construction of manufacturing plants.
🧱 SECTION 3: GENDER POLICY AND FEDERAL DEFINITIONS
January 20, 2025
Executive Order 14168: "Defending Women from Gender Ideology Extremism and Restoring Biological Truth to the Federal Government" signed. Defined sex as strictly male or female based on biological characteristics at birth. Rescinded previous executive orders related to gender identity and dissolved the White House Gender Policy Council. Directed federal agencies to revise policies and programs to align with the new definition of sex.
January 28, 2025
Executive Order 14187: "Protecting Children from Chemical and Surgical Mutilation" signed. Prohibited federal funding for gender-affirming care for individuals under 19 years old. Directed federal agencies to ensure compliance with the prohibition, including reviewing insurance coverage under federal programs.
February 5, 2025
Executive Order 14201: "Keeping Men Out of Women's Sports" signed. Directed federal agencies to enforce a prohibition on transgender girls and women participating in women's sports. Urged athletic organizations to revoke records and titles held by transgender athletes.
February 15, 2025
Implementation of CAAC Letter 2025-01: Removed explicit prohibitions against segregated facilities in federal contracts. Excluded gender identity as a protected category in federal contracting policies.
March 2025
Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) released a 409-page report advocating for behavioral therapy as the primary treatment for transgender youth, rather than gender-affirming medical care. The report challenges existing medical standards and has been criticized by major medical associations. Institutional Impact: Department of Health and Human Services (HHS): Directed to align all health-related policies and programs with the new definition of sex. Tasked with reviewing and revising data collection and reporting practices to reflect the binary definition of sex. Department of Education: Instructed to revise Title IX regulations to align with the binary definition of sex. Directed to ensure that educational institutions receiving federal funding comply with the new policies. Department of Housing and Urban Development (HUD): Ordered to revise policies regarding single-sex facilities, affecting access for transgender individuals. Halted investigations into gender identity discrimination cases. Department of Justice (DOJ): Directed to cease enforcement of civil rights laws that prohibit "disparate impact" discrimination. Instructed to provide guidance correcting the application of the Supreme Court’s decision in Bostock v. Clayton County to federal agency activities.
🧱 SECTION 4: DEPARTMENT OF JUSTICE (DOJ) AND LEGAL RESTRUCTURING
January 20, 2025
Executive Order 14160: “Ending the Weaponisation of the Federal Government” signed. Directed the DOJ and intelligence agencies to eliminate what the administration described as politically motivated enforcement actions. Initiated a review of ongoing investigations and prosecutions to ensure alignment with the new directive.
January 21, 2025
Leadership Changes: Attorney General Merrick Garland resigned. Pam Bondi appointed as Acting Attorney General. Harmeet Dhillon appointed to lead the DOJ's Civil Rights Division.
February 10, 2025
Executive Order: “Pausing Foreign Corrupt Practices Act (FCPA) Enforcement” signed. Mandated a 180-day halt on new FCPA investigations and enforcement actions. Ordered a comprehensive review of existing FCPA policies and guidelines.
March 14, 2025
Executive Order: “Continuing the Reduction of the Federal Bureaucracy” signed. Directed federal agencies to identify and eliminate unnecessary components within their structures. Aimed to streamline operations and reduce government overreach.
April 28, 2025
Executive Order: “Strengthening and Unleashing America's Law Enforcement to Pursue Criminals and Protect Innocent Citizens” signed. Authorised increased military support for local law enforcement operations. Expanded prison capacity and enhanced legal protections for law enforcement officers' actions. Institutional Impact: Department of Justice (DOJ): Shifted focus from traditional civil rights enforcement to prioritising investigations into voter fraud and promoting "honest elections." Redirected resources to support the administration's law enforcement initiatives. Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI): Underwent leadership changes to align with the new directives. Adjusted operational priorities to support the administration's focus areas. Civil Rights Division: Ceased enforcement of civil rights laws that prohibit "disparate impact" discrimination. Reoriented mission to align with the administration's emphasis on merit-based policies.
🧱 SECTION 5: PUBLIC HEALTH AND SCIENTIFIC INTEGRITY
January 20, 2025
Executive Order 14155: "Withdrawing the United States from the World Health Organisation" signed. Directed the Secretary of State to notify the WHO of the U.S. withdrawal. Ordered a pause on future transfers of funds, support, and resources to the WHO. Initiated the recall of U.S. government personnel working with the WHO. January 21, 2025
HHS Communication Directive: Acting HHS Secretary Dorothy Fink issued a memo halting all external communications from federal health agencies, including the CDC and FDA. Required that any public statements or publications receive prior approval from presidential appointees.
January 31, 2025
CDC Content Removal: The CDC removed multiple websites and datasets related to HIV, STI prevention, LGBT health, and youth health, complying with executive orders to eliminate content associated with "diversity, equity, and inclusion" and "gender identity."
February 7, 2025
NIH Funding Policy Change: The NIH implemented a standardised 15% indirect cost rate across all awardee institutions, replacing previously negotiated rates that averaged between 27% and 28%. This policy shift prompted lawsuits from 22 states and major research institutions, leading to a temporary restraining order blocking the policy's implementation.
February 14, 2025
CDC Workforce Reduction: Approximately 1,300 CDC employees were laid off, including all first-year officers of the Epidemic Intelligence Service and numerous Laboratory Leadership Service program fellows. Additional cuts affected the Division of Violence Prevention and laboratories involved in testing for antibiotic resistance.
March 27, 2025
HHS Restructuring Announcement: HHS announced a restructuring plan to reduce its workforce by about 10,000 full-time employees and consolidate its 28 divisions into 15. The plan aimed to save taxpayers $1.8 billion per year.
April 2, 2025
Federal Health Budget Cuts: The Trump administration proposed a $163 billion reduction to the federal budget, significantly impacting health sectors. The Department of Health and Human Services faced a 26.2% ($33.3 billion) cut, reducing its budget to $93.8 billion. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) would see a 40% reduction, losing $18 billion of its funding. The Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) would experience nearly 50% funding cuts, reducing its budget by $3.6 billion to $4 billion. May 5, 2025, Executive Order on Gain-of-Function Research: President Trump signed an executive order banning all federal funding for gain-of-function research in countries lacking proper oversight, such as China and Iran. The order also paused all infectious pathogen research until new safety guidelines are established. Institutional Impact: Centres for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC): Experienced significant workforce reductions and program eliminations. Halted publication of the Morbidity and Mortality Weekly Report (MMWR) for the first time since its inception in 1960. Ceased collaborations with the World Health Organisation. National Institutes of Health (NIH): Faced substantial budget cuts and policy changes affecting research funding and operations. Legal challenges arose in response to funding policy shifts. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS): Underwent a significant restructuring, reducing workforce and consolidating divisions. Implemented policies affecting communication and collaboration with external entities.
🧱 SECTION 6: ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY AND CLIMATE CHANGE
January 20, 2025
Executive Order 14162: "Putting America First In International Environmental Agreements" signed. Directed the immediate withdrawal of the United States from the Paris Agreement and other international climate commitments. Terminated all U.S. financial commitments made under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change, including the U.S. International Climate Finance Plan. Established new priorities for international energy agreements, emphasising economic efficiency and the promotion of American prosperity.
January 20, 2025
Executive Order: "Protecting American Energy from State Overreach" signed. Aimed to remove legal restrictions imposed by state laws and policies related to climate change that are deemed unconstitutional or preempted by federal law. Directed the Attorney General to identify and take action against such state laws and policies.
January 29, 2025
Lee Zeldin confirmed as EPA Administrator Former Congressman Lee Zeldin was confirmed by the Senate as the 17th Administrator of the Environmental Protection Agency. Zeldin announced plans to repeal major environmental regulations, including protections for wetlands and limits on pollution from tailpipes and smokestacks. The EPA under Zeldin announced plans to cut agency jobs, eliminate its scientific research arm, and reduce the EPA's budget by 65%.
February 10, 2025
Executive Order 14208: "Ending Procurement and Forced Use of Paper Straws" signed. Rescinded the previous administration's phaseout of single-use plastic by the federal government. Called for the creation of a "National Strategy to End the Use of Paper Straws" within 45 days.
March 2025
EPA Reorganisation Announced The EPA announced a major reorganisation aimed at boosting efficiency and saving $300 million annually. Created the Office of Applied Science and Environmental Solutions to bolster scientific input into regulatory decisions. Relocated scientific functions from the Office of Research and Development to various program offices. The reorganisation could result in the layoff of up to 1,155 ORD staffers, about three-quarters of the workforce.
April 2, 2025
The Trump Administration Proposes Budget Cuts A $163 billion reduction to the federal budget is proposed, significantly impacting environmental sectors. The Environmental Protection Agency faced a nearly 55% budget reduction, cutting $235 million from its Office of Research and Development and eliminating environmental justice initiatives. The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration would lose $1.3 billion in climate research grants and $209 million in satellite funding.
May 5, 2025
States Sue Trump Administration Over Wind Energy Project Halts. A coalition of attorneys general from 17 states and Washington, D.C., filed a lawsuit challenging President Trump's executive order halting approvals, permits, and loans for wind energy projects. The lawsuit argues that the administration's actions are unlawful and negatively affect state economies, energy strategies, public health, and climate goals. Institutional Impact: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA): Under Administrator Lee Zeldin, the EPA shifted focus towards deregulation and energy production, moving away from public health and environmental protections. Significant budget cuts and workforce reductions were implemented, including plans to eliminate the agency's scientific research arm. The agency announced plans to repeal major environmental regulations and offered polluters the ability to bypass regulations on mercury pollution by requesting exemptions via email. National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA): Faced substantial budget cuts, including the loss of $1.3 billion in climate research grants and $209 million in satellite funding. These cuts are expected to impact the agency's ability to monitor and respond to climate-related events.
🧱 SECTION 7: EDUCATION POLICY AND DEI INITIATIVES
January 20, 2025
Executive Order 14151: "Ending Radical and Wasteful Government DEI Programs and Preferencing" signed. Terminated all federal diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs and mandates. Directed the elimination of DEI-related positions and initiatives across federal agencies.
January 29, 2025
Executive Order 14190: "Ending Radical Indoctrination in K-12 Schooling" signed. Prohibited K-12 schools from teaching materials deemed anti-American or subversive, including content promoting "gender ideology" or critical race theory. Directed law enforcement to investigate and prosecute educators facilitating gender transitions for minors without parental consent. Reinstated the 1776 Commission to promote patriotic education.
March 20, 2025
Executive Order: "Empowering Parents, States, and Communities to Improve Education Outcomes" signed. Aimed to return control over education to states and local communities. Emphasised parental rights in educational decisions.
April 23, 2025
Executive Order: "Advancing Artificial Intelligence Education for American Youth" signed. Mandated the integration of AI education in K-12 public schools. Directed federal agencies to collaborate with the private sector to support AI program implementation.
May 1, 2025
Policy Directive: Senior adviser Stephen Miller stated that schools must teach children to "love America" to receive federal funding. Emphasised opposition to critical race theory and gender identity education. Institutional Impact: Department of Education: Initiated the process to dismantle the department, returning educational control to states. Suspended federal grants to institutions not complying with new directives. Higher Education Institutions: Harvard University faced a suspension of $2.3 billion in federal research grants over issues related to antisemitism, race-based admissions policies, and perceived lack of conservative faculty. The university filed a lawsuit in response. K-12 Schools: Required to eliminate curricula related to DEI, gender identity, and critical race theory to maintain federal funding. Implemented AI education programs as mandated by the April 23 executive order.
🧱 SECTION 8: TECHNOLOGY AND INNOVATION POLICIES
January 20, 2025
Executive Order 14158: "Establishing and Implementing the President's 'Department of Government Efficiency'" signed. Established the Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE) to oversee federal technology modernisation and workforce optimisation. Reorganised the U.S. Digital Service (USDS) into the U.S. DOGE Service, with expanded authority to access unclassified agency records and IT systems. Created "DOGE Teams" within federal agencies to coordinate technology and efficiency initiatives.
January 23, 2025
Executive Order 14178: "Strengthening American Leadership in Digital Financial Technology" signed. Revoked previous executive orders related to central bank digital currencies (CBDCs). Prohibited the establishment, issuance, or promotion of a U.S. CBDC. Established a group tasked with proposing a federal regulatory framework for digital assets within 180 days.
Executive Order 14179: "Removing Barriers to American Leadership in Artificial Intelligence" signed. Revoked prior policies perceived as hindering AI innovation, including
Executive Order 14110 on AI safety mandated the creation of an action plan within 180 days to sustain U.S. AI leadership, focusing on economic competitiveness and national security.
April 23, 2025
Executive Order: "Advancing Artificial Intelligence Education for American Youth" signed. Mandated the integration of AI education in K-12 public schools. Directed federal agencies to collaborate with the private sector to support AI program implementation. Institutional Impact: Department of Government Efficiency (DOGE): Oversaw the reorganisation of federal technology services and implementation of efficiency initiatives across agencies. DOGE Teams are embedded within agencies to coordinate modernisation efforts. U.S. Digital Service (USDS): Transformed into the U.S. DOGE Service with expanded authority and responsibilities. Tasked with accessing and modernising unclassified agency IT systems. Federal Agencies: Required to collaborate with DOGE Teams for technology modernisation and efficiency improvements. Instructed to revise policies and programs to align with new directives on AI and digital financial technologies.
🧱 SECTION 9: FOREIGN POLICY AND INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
January 20, 2025
Executive Order 14169: "Reevaluating and Realigning United States Foreign Aid" signed. Initiated a 90-day pause on all U.S. foreign development assistance programs to conduct a comprehensive review. Exemptions were made for emergency food assistance and military aid to Egypt and Israel. Later expanded to include humanitarian programs providing life-saving medicine, medical services, food, shelter, and subsistence assistance. Activities involving abortions, family planning, administrative costs not reasonably used in life-saving aid, gender or DEI ideology programs, and transgender surgeries were excluded from exemptions.
February 2025
U.S.-Russia Peace Talks in Riyadh: U.S. Secretary of State Marco Rubio and Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov met in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, to develop a framework for peace negotiations on the war in Ukraine. Ukraine was not invited to these discussions, raising concerns among Ukrainian and European leaders.
February 28 2025
Trump-Zelenskyy Oval Office Meeting: A meeting between President Trump and Ukrainian President Volodymyr Zelenskyy on February 28 ended without agreement on a proposed minerals deal. Trump expressed dissatisfaction with Zelenskyy's commitment to peace negotiations, leading to a suspension of all U.S. military aid to Ukraine on March 3.
April 30, 2025
U.S.-Ukraine Economic Agreement: The Trump administration finalised an economic agreement with Ukraine, granting the U.S. access to Ukraine’s mineral resources. Established a joint United States-Ukraine Reconstruction Investment Fund to support Ukraine’s postwar recovery. The U.S. dropped demands for repayment of past military aid, a key Ukrainian condition.
May 5, 2025
Executive Order on Gain-of-Function Research: President Trump signed an executive order banning all federal funding for gain-of-function research in countries lacking proper oversight, such as China and Iran. The order also paused all infectious pathogen research until new safety guidelines are established. Institutional Impact: Department of State: Oversaw the reevaluation and realignment of U.S. foreign aid programs. Managed the suspension and subsequent resumption of military aid to Ukraine. Department of Defence: Implemented the suspension of military aid to Ukraine following the Oval Office meeting. Coordinated with the Department of State on the resumption of aid after the economic agreement. U.S. Development Finance Corporation: Tasked with managing the U.S. side of the joint investment fund established in the economic agreement with Ukraine.
The Road So Far
As you move through this timeline, keep in mind that the policies outlined here are not just isolated events. They represent a deliberate, systematic approach to reshaping American institutions, disrupting established norms, and consolidating power. These changes, often executed with little oversight, have profound implications—not just for the functioning of government, but for the stability of American society itself. Understanding these shifts is essential to grasp the full scale of the ongoing disruption.
Great work!!! Thank you for collating and categorizing a lot of the Executive Orders signed within the first 100 days by Trump.
IMHO, all Trump-built roads will lead to mass disruption and the ultimate weakening of the American Dollar, relatively ie, the Dollar Index (DXY).
A serious and pertinent issue for the American Federal Government is that it can no longer repay the debt it has incurred from the Federal Reserve Bank and subsequently itself. Ever since the inception of the 1913 Federal Reserve Act, the only remedy to repay its Fiscal deficit was to print American Dollars. That model works until it doesn't due to overdebtedness.
- What happens when America as a nation no longer maintains its attractiveness on the geopolitical stage, due to major foreign policy changes that disrupt global systems and standards?
- What happens when no entity wants your American Dollars, or in other words, those Dollars are no longer attractive because there are sound alternative currencies in the global economy, such as local currencies to settle trade deals?
Answer: America and the American Dollar become isolated and will both need to be downgraded or devalued over a period of time to reshape America and the Global Order.